Common Questions from First-time Homebuyers

Commonly asked questions

Know Your Rights as a Homebuyer

Before you start, there are many laws that protect you from scams, unnecessary expenses, and discrimination in the process of homebuying. Know your rights!

	Fair Housing: Equal Opportunity for All
	Homebuyer's rights
	Borrower's rights
	Your rights and the responsibilities of the mortgage servicer

Find out How Much Mortgage Can You Afford

You can save yourself a lot of wheel-spinning if you take a minute to figure out how much mortgage you can afford. Generally, a lender will want your monthly mortgage payment to total no more than 29% of your monthly gross income (that's your monthly income before taxes and other paycheck deductions are taken out.) You also need to consider current loan interest rates. The lower the interest rate, the more expensive the home you'll be able to afford.

Create Your "Wishlist"

Make your wish list. Focus on the features you want in a home: 2 bedrooms or 3? 1 bath or 2? Garage or no garage? Knowing what you're looking for will help you focus your search. And it will help your real estate broker, too.

Find a Real Estate Broker

You'll want to start searching for a broker as soon as you decide to buy a home. Talk to several and find someone you think you'll be comfortable working closely with. Many of your friends and relatives have probably bought and sold their homes through brokers. Ask them who they used and what their experiences were. You can find out which brokers specialize in the kind of home or the area you want by looking in the Yellow Pages or your local newspaper's classified real estate ads. Or drive through neighborhoods and note the names of brokers on "for sale" signs. When you talk to prospective brokers, ask questions about the areas and types of homes in which you're interested. Do they seem knowledgeable? Most important, is their personal style a good fit with your own?

Mortgages and Homebuying Programs

Many different kinds of mortgages are available to you. Read about them, and make sure you understand the pros and cons of each. Your real estate broker can help you. HUD offers some special homebuying programs. Also, many local governments offer special homebuying programs to help low-income homebuyers. Shop around - you may be surprised at all your options!

Shopping for a Home

Now you really begin house-hunting. Your real estate broker will be able to find listings for you, based on your wishlist. But don't stop there! You can do your own looking, and then ask your broker to show you the house. Start with the Internet. Pick up real estate flyers at local grocery stores and convenience stores. Read the real estate sections of your local newspaper. Drive around neighborhoods that interest you and write down addresses where there are "for sale" signs. Go to open houses. Try everything!

	Homes for sale, including HUD homes
	Home-shopping checklist
	How to buy a HUD home

Building a Home

If you want to build a new home, there are other things you need to know before you begin. Learn about construction standards and about buying land, so you know your rights.

	Minimum property standards
	Do you want to buy land for a home? Know your rights!
	About land sales
	Do's and don'ts
	Consumer agencies

Manufactured Homes

Manufactured homes can be a great alternative for first-time homebuyers. Again, it's good to know how the laws protect you.

Loans

Rehab a Home

You may want to consider buying a "fixer-upper." If so, there are federal programs that can help you finance your repairs.

Home Inspections

When you make an offer on a home, it's a good idea to make your offer contingent on a home inspection, conducted by an independent authorized inspector. You will have to pay for this inspection yourself, but it could keep you from buying a house that will cost you far more in repairs, down the road. If you are satisified with the results of the inspection, then your offer can proceed. If you aren't,you may want to negotiate, asking the seller to pay for certain repairs or asking for a lower price.

Consumer home inspection kit

Appraisals

Your lender will require you to get an appraisal of the house you want to buy, to make sure it's worth the money that you're borrowing. You may select your own appraiser, or you may ask your real estate broker to help you take care of that.

About appraisers and appraisals

Homeowner's Insurance

Lenders require that you have homeowners insurance, to protect both your interests and theirs. Like everything else, be sure to shop around for insurance that fits your needs.

	12 ways to lower your homeowner's insurance costs
	Homeowner's insurance

Settlement or Closing

Finally, you've gone through the whole process, and you're ready to go to "settlement" or "closing." We know you'll be excited, but be sure to read everything you sign! And before you go, read this important information about your rights.

Settlement cost and helpful information

Moving

Looks like you're ready to move. There's a lot to consider as you plan your move. The good news is that there's lots of help. Check this out.

United States Postal Service Movers Guide